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1. What is Alzheimer's Disease?

In 1901, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer treated a 51-year-old woman who had progressive memory loss, disorientation, and aphasia (inability to use language). The patient died 5 years later. At autopsy, Doctor Alzheimer noticed that the patient's cerebral cortex looked atrophied, with widening of the sulci. He also identified histopathologic changes, which would come to be known as the pathologic hallmarks of the degenerative disease: neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. In 1910, this disease was named “Alzheimer's disease (AD)” to honor doctor Alois Alzheimer.

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